TY - JOUR
AU - Hastie, Claire E.
AU - Mackay, Daniel F.
AU - Ho, Frederick K.
AU - Celis-Morales, Carlos A.
AU - Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal
AU - Niedzwiedz, Claire L.
AU - Jani, Bhautesh D.
AU - Welsh, Paul
AU - Mair, Frances S.
AU - Gray, Stuart R.
AU - O'Donnell, Catherine A.
AU - Gill, Jason M.R.
AU - Sattar, Naveed
AU - Pell, Jill P.
PY - 2020
DA - July
TI - Vitamin D concentrations and COVID-19 infection in UK Biobank
JO - Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews
EP - 565
VL - 14
IS - 4
DO - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2020.04.050
AB - Background and aims: COVID-19 and low levels of vitamin D appear to disproportionately affect black and minority ethnic individuals. We aimed to establish whether blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration was associated with COVID-19 risk, and whether it explained the higher incidence of COVID-19 in black and South Asian people. Methods: UK Biobank recruited 502,624 participants aged 37–73 years between 2006 and 2010. Baseline exposure data, including 25(OH)D concentration and ethnicity, were linked to COVID-19 test results. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed for the association between 25(OH)D and confirmed COVID-19, and the association between ethnicity and both 25(OH)D and COVID-19. Results: Complete data were available for 348,598 UK Biobank participants. Of these, 449 had confirmed COVID-19 infection. Vitamin D was associated with COVID-19 infection univariably (OR = 0.99; 95% CI 0.99–0.999; p = 0.013), but not after adjustment for confounders (OR = 1.00; 95% CI = 0.998–1.01; p = 0.208). Ethnicity was associated with COVID-19 infection univariably (blacks versus whites OR = 5.32, 95% CI = 3.68–7.70, p-value&lt;0.001; South Asians versus whites OR = 2.65, 95% CI = 1.65–4.25, p-value&lt;0.001). Adjustment for 25(OH)D concentration made little difference to the magnitude of the association. Conclusions: Our findings do not support a potential link between vitamin D concentrations and risk of COVID-19 infection, nor that vitamin D concentration may explain ethnic differences in COVID-19 infection.
PB - Elsevier
UR - http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/215144/
KW - Coronavirus (COVID-19)
KW - Diet, healthy weight and physical activity
ER