TY - JOUR
AU - Vasileiou, Eleftheria
AU - Bradley, Declan T.
AU - Chuter, Antony
AU - de Lusignan, Simon
AU - Docherty, Annemarie B.
AU - Ford, David V.
AU - Hobbs, F.D. Richard
AU - Joy, Mark
AU - Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal
AU - Marple, James
AU - McCowan, Colin
AU - Simpson, Colin R.
AU - McGagh, Dylan
AU - Jim McMenamin
AU - Moore, Emily
AU - Murray, Josephine-Louise K.
AU - Pan, Jiafeng
AU - Ritchie, Lewis
AU - Shah, Syed Ahmar
AU - Stock, Sarah J.
AU - Torabi, Fatemeh
AU - Tsang, Ruby S. M.
AU - Robertson, Chris
AU - Wood, Rachael
AU - Woolhouse, Mark
AU - Sheikh, Aziz
AU - Shi, Ting
AU - Kerr, Steven
AU - Agrawal, Utkarsh
AU - Akbari, Ashley
AU - Bedston, Stuart
AU - Beggs, Jillian
PY - 2021
DA - February
TI - Effectiveness of First Dose of COVID-19 Vaccines Against Hospital Admissions in Scotland: National Prospective Cohort Study of 5.4 Million People
JO - The Lancet
DO - https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3789264
AB - Background: The BNT162b2 mRNA (Pfizer-BioNTech) and ChAdOx1 (Oxford-AstraZeneca) COVID-19 vaccines have demonstrated high efficacy against infection in phase 3 clinical trials and are now being used in national vaccination programmes in the UK and several other countries. There is an urgent need to study the ‘real-world’ effects of these vaccines. The aim of our study was to estimate the effectiveness of the first dose of these COVID-19 vaccines in preventing hospital admissions.Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study using the Early Pandemic Evaluation and Enhanced Surveillance of COVID-19 (EAVE II) database comprising of linked vaccination, primary care, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) testing, hospitalisation and mortality records for 5.4 million people in Scotland (covering ~99% of population). A time-dependent Cox model and Poisson regression models were fitted to estimate effectiveness against COVID-19 related hospitalisation (defined as 1- Adjusted Hazard Ratio) following the first dose of vaccine.Findings: The first dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine was associated with a vaccine effect of 85% (95% confidence interval [CI] 76 to 91) for COVID-19 related hospitalisation at 28-34 days post-vaccination. Vaccine effect at the same time interval for the ChAdOx1 vaccine was 94% (95% CI 73 to 99). Results of combined vaccine effect for prevention of COVID-19 related hospitalisation were comparable when restricting the analysis to those aged ≥80 years (81%; 95% CI 65 to 90 at 28-34 days post-vaccination).Interpretation: A single dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA and ChAdOx1 vaccines resulted in substantial reductions in the risk of COVID-19 related hospitalisation in Scotland.Funding: UK Research and Innovation (Medical Research Council); Research and Innovation Industrial Strategy Challenge Fund; Health Data Research UK.
PB - Elsevier
UR - https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/effectiveness-of-first-dose-of-covid19-vaccines-against-hospital-admissions-in-scotland-national-prospective-cohort-study-of-54-million-people(8aeb1914-1ec9-43d7-9fdc-8e6a453f4616).html
KW - Coronavirus (COVID-19)
KW - Hospital care
KW - Immunisation and screening
ER