TY - JOUR
AU - Izquierdo-Lara, Ray
AU - Elsinga, Goffe
AU - Heijnen, Leo
AU - Oude Munnink, Bas B.
AU - Schapendonk, Claudia M E
AU - Nieuwenhuijse, David F.
AU - Kon, Matthijs
AU - Lu, Lu
AU - Aarestrup, Frank M
AU - Lycett, Samantha J.
AU - Medema, Gertjan
AU - Koopmans, Marion P.G.
AU - de Graaf, Miranda
PY - 2021
DA - March
TI - Monitoring SARS-CoV-2 Circulation and Diversity through Community Wastewater Sequencing, the Netherlands and Belgium
JO - Emerging Infectious Diseases
EP - 1415
VL - 27
IS - 5
DO - https://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid2705.204410
AB - Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly become a major global health problem, and public health surveillance is crucial to monitor and prevent virus spread. Wastewater-based epidemiology has been proposed as an addition to disease-based surveillance because virus is shed in the feces of ≈40% of infected persons. We used next-generation sequencing of sewage samples to evaluate the diversity of SARS-CoV-2 at the community level in the Netherlands and Belgium. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of the most prevalent clades (19A, 20A, and 20B) and clustering of sewage samples with clinical samples from the same region. We distinguished multiple clades within a single sewage sample by using low-frequency variant analysis. In addition, several novel mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 genome were detected. Our results illustrate how wastewater can be used to investigate the diversity of SARS-CoV-2 viruses circulating in a community and identify new outbreaks.
PB - US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
UR - https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/monitoring-sarscov2-circulation-and-diversity-through-community-wastewater-sequencing-the-netherlands-and-belgium(ce81108f-05f2-4e9e-952b-021aa296207b).html
KW - Coronavirus (COVID-19)
KW - Environment, community and place
ER