TY - JOUR
AU - Dashtban, Ashkan
AU - Mizani, Mehrdad A.
AU - Denaxas, Spiros
AU - Nitsch, Dorothea
AU - Quint, Jennifer K.
AU - Corbett, Richard
AU - Mamza, Jill B.
AU - Morris, Tamsin
AU - Mamas, Mamas A.
AU - Lawlor, Deborah A.
AU - Khunti, Kamlesh
AU - Sudlow, Cathie L M
AU - Hemingway, Harry
AU - Banerjee, Amitava
AU - CVD-COVID-UK Consortium
PY - 2022
DA - June
TI - A retrospective cohort study predicting and validating impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in individuals with chronic kidney disease
JO - Kidney International
EP - 660
VL - 102
IS - 3
DO - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2022.05.015
AB - Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with increased risk of baseline mortality and severe COVID-19, but analyses across CKD stages, and comorbidities are lacking. In prevalent and incident CKD, we investigated comorbidities, baseline risk, COVID-19 incidence, and predicted versus observed one-year excess death. In a national dataset (NHS Digital Trusted Research Environment [NHSD TRE]) for England encompassing 56 million individuals), we conducted a retrospective cohort study (March 2020 to March 2021) for prevalence of comorbidities by incident and prevalent CKD, SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality. Baseline mortality risk, incidence and outcome of infection by comorbidities, controlling for age, sex and vaccination were assessed. Observed versus predicted one-year mortality at varying population infection rates and pandemic-related relative risks using our published model in pre-pandemic CKD cohorts (NHSD TRE and Clinical Practice Research Datalink [CPRD]) were compared. Among individuals with CKD (prevalent:1,934,585, incident:144,969), comorbidities were common (73.5% and 71.2% with one or more condition[s] in respective data sets, and 13.2% and 11.2% with three or more conditions, in prevalent and incident CKD), and associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly dialysis/transplantation (odds ratio 2.08, 95% confidence interval 2.04-2.13) and heart failure (1.73, 1.71-1.76), but not cancer (1.01, 1.01-1.04). One-year all-cause mortality varied by age, sex, multi-morbidity and CKD stage. Compared with 34,265 observed excess deaths, in the NHSD-TRE and CPRD databases respectively, we predicted 28,746 and 24,546 deaths (infection rates 10% and relative risks 3.0), and 23,754 and 20,283 deaths (observed infection rates 6.7% and relative risks 3.7). Thus, in this largest, national-level study, individuals with CKD have a high burden of comorbidities and multi-morbidity, and high risk of pre-pandemic and pandemic mortality. Hence, treatment of comorbidities, non-pharmaceutical measures, and vaccination are priorities for people with CKD and management of long-term conditions is important during and beyond the pandemic.
PB - Elsevier
UR - https://www.research.ed.ac.uk/en/publications/82ac2cec-901b-484f-82f8-80e5087e1b6f
KW - Coronavirus (COVID-19)
ER