Covid-19 pandemic, vaccination and household expenditures: regional evidence from Turkish credit card data

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic induced a volatile pattern in household expenditures on a global scale. In this study, we analyse the mitigating effect of vaccination trends on pandemic-related depression in expenditures by exploiting province-level high-frequency credit and debit card data from a large emerging market, Türkiye. The baseline analysis confirms the moderating role of widespread vaccination with respect to consumption tendencies. Our baseline findings are validated by a myriad of robustness checks. Moreover, we show that this effect on pandemic-household expenditures nexus is stronger for provinces with a higher share of services industries in total value-added.

Rights

Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cite as

Downloadable citations

Identifiers

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2022.2161983

Repository URI

http://hdl.handle.net/10023/26698