In-hospital mortality in SARS-CoV-2 stratified by gamma-glutamyl transferase levels

Authors: Alroomi, Moudhi ;

Rajan, Rajesh ;

Alsaber, Ahmad R. ;

Pan, Jiazhu;

Abdullah, Mohammed;

Abdelnaby, Hassan ;

Aboelhassan, Wael;

AlNasrallah, Noor;

Al-Bader, Bader;

Malhas, Haya;

Ramadhan, Maryam;

Hussein, Soumoud;

Alotaibi, Naser;

Al Saleh, Mohammad;

Zhanna, Kobalava D.;

Almutairi, Farah

Source: Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis

Full text

: https://doi.org/10.1002/jcla.24291

Abstract

Background: This study investigates in-hospital mortality amongst patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its relation to serum levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT).

Methods: Patients were stratified according to serum levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) (GGT<50 IU/L or GGT≥50 IU/L).

Results: A total of 802 participants were considered, amongst whom 486 had GGT<50 IU/L and a mean age of 48.1 (16.5) years, whilst 316 had GGT≥50 IU/L and a mean age of 53.8 (14.7) years. The chief sources of SARS-CoV-2 transmission were contact (366, 45.7%) and community (320, 40%). Most patients with GGT≥50 IU/L had either pneumonia (247, 78.2%) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (85,26.9%), whilst those with GGT<50 IU/L had hypertension (141, 29%) or diabetes mellitus (DM) (147, 30.2%). Mortality was higher amongst patients with GGT≥50 IU/L (54,17.1%) than amongst those with GGT<50 IU/L (29, 5.9%). More patients with GGT≥50 required high (83, 27.6%) or low (104, 34.6%) levels of oxygen, whereas most of those with GGT<50 had no requirement of oxygen (306, 71.2%). Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that GGT≥50 IU/L (odds ratio [OR]: 2.02, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.20–3.45, p=0.009), age (OR: 1.05, 95% CI: 1.03–1.07, p<0.001), hypertension (OR: 2.06, 95% CI: 1.19–3.63, p=0.011), methylprednisolone (OR: 2.96, 95% CI: 1.74–5.01, p<0.001) and fever (OR: 2.03, 95% CI: 1.15–3.68, p=0.016) were significant predictors of all-cause cumulative mortality. A Cox proportional hazards regression model (B = −0.68, SE =0.24, HR =0.51, p = 0.004) showed that patients with GGT<50 IU/L had a 0.51-times lower risk of all-cause cumulative mortality than patients with GGT≥50 IU/L.

Conclusion: Higher levels of serum GGT were found to be an independent predictor of in-hospital mortality.

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This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/), which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

Cite as

Alroomi, M., Rajan, R., Alsaber, A., Pan, J., Abdullah, M., Abdelnaby, H., Aboelhassan, W., AlNasrallah, N., Al-Bader, B., Malhas, H., Ramadhan, M., Hussein, S., Alotaibi, N., Al Saleh, M., Zhanna, K. & Almutairi, F. 2022, 'In-hospital mortality in SARS-CoV-2 stratified by gamma-glutamyl transferase levels', Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, article no: e24291. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcla.24291

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jcla.24291

Repository URI: https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/79888/